Colposcopy in comparison with HPV-Pap test for the diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2
Maliheh
Arab
Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Atefeh
Moridi
Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Maryam
Maktabi
Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
author
Nazanin
Safaei
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Behnaz
Ghavami
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Mahdie
Sanati
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Ir
author
text
article
2021
eng
Introduction: The effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs is an issue of concern in developing countries. It is a goal of researchers to find another solution or screening method to solve this problem. The current study aimed to compare the cos teffectiveness of the colposcopy and HPV-Pap test approaches.Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 1944 asymptomatic women aged 30-70 years who had undergone colposcopy from 2013-2015. The cost of finding each CIN2 case was obtained and compared with the cost of the HPV-Pap test finding.Results: A pathology of CIN2 or greater cases were reported in 43 cases (2.2%). The cost of finding each case by colposcopy was 2,456 USD and by PCR-Pap was 2,966 USD (P<0.0001).Conclusion: The cost of finding each CIN2 or greater case by HPV-Pap test was 1.32 times that of a colposcopy. Colposcopy in this setting was more cost-effective and should be considered in similar settings.
International Journal of Medical Reviews
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
2345-525X
8
v.
4
no.
2021
146
149
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_143517_e31e3b4300b0d70d388d05dfba07fad4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30491/ijmr.2021.253604.1153
Correlation between Corticosteroid Therapy and Height in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Dian
Musalim
School of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
author
Risky
Prasetyo
Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia
author
Danti
Indiastuti
Departement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
author
Mia
Andarsini
Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia
author
text
article
2021
eng
Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical manifestation of glomerular disease characterized by severe or nephrotic-range proteinuria >3.5 g/24 hours. The treatment of nephrotic syndrome using corticosteroid especially prednisone, belongs to a class of glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids are proven to be able to inhibit growth through several mechanisms. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristic of height in childhood nephrotic syndrome and analyze the correlation between corticosteroid therapy and height in childhood nephrotic syndrome.Methods: This systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. The literature search was conducted in November 2020 in four databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and DOAJ. Quality assessment was carried out using a quality assessment tool for quantitative studies from EPHPP.Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria for final analysis. The mean final height z-scores were -0.66 ± 3.04. The height z-scores of Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome (SDNS) (-0.33 ± 0.87) and Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome (SRNS) (-0.97 ± 1.34) patients were lower than Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome (SSNS) (-0.20 ± 3.14) patients. The height zscores of nephrotic syndrome children were significantly lower than a normal population. Five studies suggested that there is a correlation between corticosteroid therapy and height on childhood nephrotic syndrome and one study did not find a correlation between them.Conclusion: According to findings, there is a negative correlation between corticosteroid therapy and height in childhood nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome children had significantly lower height z-scores than a normal population. The SDNS and SRNS patients are more susceptible to have a lower height than SNSS patients as they have a higher cumulative corticosteroid dose.
International Journal of Medical Reviews
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
2345-525X
8
v.
4
no.
2021
150
157
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_143553_a25fc167a4370abd57dc7720e06e8ada.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30491/ijmr.2020.255218.1155
Intervention on Self-care in Reproductive Health in Reducing the Risk of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Pregnancy: A Mini Review
Majid
Dastras
Faculty member of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
author
Elham
damani
Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
author
Elnaz
damani
Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
author
text
article
2021
eng
Introduction: The outbreak of the new Coronavirus in China in December 2019 (COVID-19) and subsequently in variousn countries around the world has raised concerns about the possibility of vertical transmission of the virus from mother to fetus. The present study aimed to review published literature in this regard.
Methods: In this narrative review, we searched for all articles published in various databases including PubMed, Scopus,
Embase, Science Direct, and Web of Science using MeSH-compliant keywords including COVID-19, Pregnancy, Vertical
transmission, self-care, Coronavirus 2019, SARS-CoV-2 and 2019-nCoV from December 2019 to March 18, 2020 and reviewed
them. All type of articles published in the field of COVID-19 and vertical transmission in pregnancy were included.
Results: A review of 86 final articles published in this area revealed that COVID-19 can cause fetal distress, miscarriage,
respiratory distress and preterm delivery in pregnant women but does not infect newborns. There has been no report of vertica l transmission in pregnancy, and it has been found that clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in pregnant women are not different
from those of non-pregnant women.
Conclusion: Overall, due to the lack of appropriate data about the effect of COVID-19 on pregnancy, it is necessary to monitor suspected pregnant women before and after delivery. For confirmed cases, both the mother and the newborn child should be followed up comprehensively.
International Journal of Medical Reviews
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
2345-525X
8
v.
4
no.
2021
158
162
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_143554_81ff2cb17e400d9d2e564cd17aaf5d6a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30491/ijmr.2020.249957.1147
Prevalence and Diagnosis Method of Celiac Disease in Jordan: A Review Article Short Title: Celiac Disease in Jordan
Nour
Elsahoryi
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman
author
Eyad
Altamimi
Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid 21210, Jordan
author
Salma
Burayzat
Pediatric Gastroenterologist, Hepatologist, and Nutritionist, The Hashemite University (HU), Jordan
author
text
article
2021
eng
The Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. CD is considered one of the gluten-related disorders characterized by a small bowel enteropathy occurring in genetically susceptible individuals while exposed to the gliadin protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. This review has been conducted to create Jordanian customized recommendations for patient status, the prevalence of CD in Jordan. This review has been conducted employing Google Scholar, Medline, and PubMed. On these websites, we searched for articles on any date using critical terms related to celiac disease: "celiac disease", "celiac", "coeliac disease", "tissue transglutaminase antibody", "anti -endomysium antibody", "endomysial antibody", "prevalence", and "Jordan." In total, five research papers were retrieved. The results indi cated that the total prevalence of CD is still unknown in Jordan due to the lack of research and the varying diagnosis methods. The available data is limited in order to build a comprehensive view of CD prevalence in Jordan. Nevertheless, minimal studies were carried out on a CD patient's awareness and education, and no intervention studies were available on CD patients among the Jordanian society. Therefore, a crude population prevalence study is needed .
International Journal of Medical Reviews
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
2345-525X
8
v.
4
no.
2021
163
169
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_143555_b691e471f82431933dacebbebb92ddb9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30491/ijmr.2021.264817.1170
Comparative Health Systems: Germany Versus China
Oritsetimeyin
Arueyingho Victoria
Faculty of Pharmacy, Girne American University, Kyrenia. Mersin-10, Turkey
author
text
article
2021
eng
This review article presents a comparative analysis of the health systems of two diverse countries, Germany and China, which represent developed and developing countries. The essence of conducting this comparison is to give an insight into the functional systems of a developed country, Germany in this case, and to evaluate the performance of a developing country using the same indicators. It provides a detailed account of the building blocks of their health systems (health service delivery, health workforce, access to essential medicines, health systems financing, health information systems, leadership, and governance) and the effects of political and socio-economic climates on their effectiveness. A brief summary of the socio-political climate of each country was given before advancing into the current states of each health system. Additionally, it offers a set of comments highlighting comparative advantages and disadvantages, which may serve as important notes for health managers and policymakers. It concludes that reviewing the building blocks of various dimensions of health systems can be useful for policy development and the construction of an ideal health promotion based framework, but further research is needed to determine the effects of each individual building block on health system performance (especially when their integrity is tested as seen in the case of pandemics). Several existed published materials were reviewed and they served as a basis for the information provided in this narrative review article.
International Journal of Medical Reviews
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
2345-525X
8
v.
4
no.
2021
170
183
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_143556_f55eb699081610dfafab7b4731839aaa.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30491/ijmr.2021.265877.1172
Application of Virtual Reality in Pain Management
Muhammad
Faruqi
Department of Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia, 25175
author
Aisyah
Elliyanti
Department of Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia, 25175
author
text
article
2021
eng
Introduction: Virtual Reality (VR) technology is developing rapidly in the last decade. The availability of affordable VR devices increases the use of VR in many sectors. VR is used as a platform for learning, entertainment, and medical profession. In the medical profession, VR is used in many aspects, ranging from medical education, training healthcare providers, medical intervention, and rehabilitation. This review aims to explore the potential application of VR in pain management .Methods: Manuscripts were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PubMed Central. The search results underwent deduplication process. The remaining articles were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria by reading titles and abstracts as the primary filter. The article that met the criteria underwent full read as a secondary filter.Results: A total of 2401 articles were identified. Overall, six articles were included in this review. The application of VR is based on distracting patient’s attention to reduce the perception of pain. Four articles showed advantage of VR in pain management. Two articles showed no difference between VR-based pain management and the control group.Conclusion: The emergence of affordable VR devices boosts the utilization of VR-based technology in pain management. However, their use still requires larger data and verification.
International Journal of Medical Reviews
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
2345-525X
8
v.
4
no.
2021
184
187
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_143557_587183321048cdcb61c7c99ba079ace1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30491/ijmr.2021.269219.1177
Evaluation of C-phycocyanin Effects with Drug Purity on the Immune System through Its Effect on Interferon-gamma (INF-γ)
Fahime
Hoseini
Department of Biochemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, I.R.Iran
author
Saeide
Hoseini,
Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
Mohammad
Fazilati
Department of Biochemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, I.R.Iran
author
Esmaeil
Ebrahimie
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Australia
author
Farzane
Hoseini
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
author
Ali
Choopani
Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2021
eng
Introduction: Spirulina (Arthrospira) exerts a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities that are largely attributed to its phycobiliprotein content, mainly to C-phycocyanin. C-Phycocyanin is a natural blue pigment with many commercial applications in foods, cosmetics, and medicines.Methods: In this study, the stimulatory effect of C-phycocyanin on the immune system was investigated using blood tissue and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) and the measurement of inflammatory cytokine, interferon-gamma, which has important effects on dedicated immune responses. For this purpose, extraction of PBMC blood cells from blood tissue The range of purified C-phycocyanin extract concentrations with drug puritywas: 1 µg/ml, 10 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml, 250 µg/ml. Then, the response of PBMC cells to C-phycocyanin at the protein level was investigated. Finally, interferon-gamma was measured using the culture supernatant and ELISA sandwich method.Results: Descriptive analysis of the read concentrations results by ELISA technique showed that C-phycocyanin is dosedependent and the results of the effect of C-phycocyanin on PBMC cells in blood tissue showed the strengthening of the immune system by increasing the amount of inflammatory cytokines. According to the results of the analysis of variance, it isobserved that the p-value is less than 0.05. This means there is a significant difference between the mean read concentration of ELISA in different concentrations of cytokines.Conclusion: The results of the experiments demonstrate that C-phycocyanin activates PBMC cells in a manner that is consistent with the recruitment of diverse populations of leukocytes in response to inflammatory and infectious signals.
International Journal of Medical Reviews
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
2345-525X
8
v.
4
no.
2021
188
193
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_143558_ba7a0d57c3529ebcc788fde70223a278.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30491/ijmr.2021.270381.1181