eng
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Medical Reviews
2345-525X
2017-06-01
4
2
40
42
10.29252/ijmr-040202
61333
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Patients Hospitalized in Different Hospital Wards
Tanaz Zabihi
zabihitanaz@yahoo.com
1
Maedeh Shahsanaei Goneirani
2
Department of Microbiology, Taligene Pars Company, Isfahan Science and Technology Town, Isfahan, Iran
Department of Microbiology, Taligene Pars Company, Isfahan Science and Technology Town, Isfahan, Iran
The discovery of antibiotics followed by the extensive production of new antibiotics and their widespread use in the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases has led to bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents. Despite global efforts to improve the status of antimicrobial treatment, the phenomenon of resistance against gram-negative bacteria has increased in communities and hospitals. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most common human pathogen, is an oxidase-positive and glucose non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus considered an important opportunistic pathogen and the cause of mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis, neoplasms, and severe burns. Infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important complications in hospitalized patients, and its incidence is increasing significantly in developed and developing countries. Based on the literature, it can be concluded that antibiotic resistance is higher in developing countries than developed ones, which is likely due to excessive antibiotic use in developing countries or the control of antibiotic use in developed ones.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61333_9f731adb39b24ae1dd5388d07cec2799.pdf
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antibiotic Resistance
Iran
eng
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Medical Reviews
2345-525X
2017-06-01
4
2
43
46
10.29252/ijmr-040203
61334
Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction: A Review of a Four-year Experience in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Malaysia
Rajalingam Ramalingam
raj.blueheart@gmail.com
1
Department of Dermatology, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Introduction: There are many types of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs), from transient erythema to severe life-threatening conditions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), with significant morbidity and mortality. Awareness of the local epidemiology of CADR may play a vital role in future clinical management protocols.
Methods: A retrospective review of all patients referred to the Department of Dermatology of Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, with confirmed CADR from 2013 to 2016 was carried out to determine the epidemiology of CADR in the local population.
Results: A total of 62 reactions involving 59 patients were seen among 7,353 new patients, yielding an incident rate of 0.8% (yearly CADR rate range: 0.16 – 1.89%), with the highest rate seen among indigenous peoples (2.53%). SJS (15 cases) was the most frequent CADR, followed by maculopapular eruption (13) and TEN (6) among others. Severe CADRs (SJS, TEN, drug-related eosinophilia with systemic symptoms – DRESS, and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis – AGEP) accounted for 40.3% of all reactions. Two-thirds of patients were aged between 21 and 60 years, while the mean age was 47.2 years (range: 3 – 92). More females (80.0%) had SJS than males (20.0%), but TEN showed a reverse pattern (83.3% males vs 16.7% females). Overall, the male:female ratio was 1.68:1. Allopurinol was the most common culprit drug causing SJS (7/15) and TEN (2/6). Cotrimoxazole and Cloxacillin were the two most common antimicrobials implicated in CADR, while the most common analgesic was Celecoxib. One-third of our patients took only a single drug, while the average number of drugs taken by a patient was three. Two patients died, one each from dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome and TEN, resulting in a mortality rate of 3.39%.
Conclusion: SJS was the most common CADR encountered in our center, while the most common culprit drug was allopurinol. Antibiotics as a group caused the most CADR.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61334_15d725815e2bae212c620f0fa921828a.pdf
Malaysia
Dermatology
Allopurinol
Anti-Infective Agents
eng
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Medical Reviews
2345-525X
2017-06-01
4
2
47
51
10.29252/ijmr-040204
61336
Factors Affecting the Attraction of Medical Tourists in Iran
Sadaf Haji Ahmadi
1
Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini
hosseinisch@yahoo.com
2
Mehrnoosh Jafari
3
Department of Health Services Management, College of Management and Social Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Health Services Management, College of Management and Social Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Health Services Management, College of Management and Social Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Medical tourism is a new form of tourism that has seen increasing growth in recent years as an economic activity based on business services that link the two fields of medicine and tourism. Two of the most important issues to be considered in this regard are the marketing of medical tourism and the advantage of the relative competitive advantage. Therefore, the identification and prioritization of factors affecting the attraction of medical tourists might help to improve the quality and quantity of this new industry not only in Iran, but also in the world. From the viewpoint of academic experts in the field of tourism and medical tourism, physicians, hospital managers, and medical tourists, medical tourism in Iran is affected by service and welfare factors, advertising factors, physical factors, political and geographical factors, and human factors, respectively.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61336_9ecd12cee61766234c2965002e4cc118.pdf
Health tourism
Medical tourism
Tourist Attraction
eng
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Medical Reviews
2345-525X
2017-06-01
4
2
52
57
10.29252/ijmr-040205
61337
Patient Safety in Nursing: A Systematic Review
Mahmood Motamedzadeh
1
Hosein Mahmoudi
2
Batool Nehrir
3
Abbas Ebadi
4
Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Nursing and Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Patient safety is a major public health problem. In fact, patient safety is a global health concern that affects patients in all areas of healthcare throughout the world, whether in developed or developing countries, and it is important to have a wide range of nursing practices such as education, clinics, and management. Considering the importance of patient safety in the quality of care and outcomes of patients, this study was conducted to systematically review patient safety in Iran and in the world. Methods: This article follows the review of texts on patient safety dated between 2008 and 2016 found in Internet searches and library studies with the keywords "patient safety training", "quality of care", and "nursing" using databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ISI, which index the vast majority of published journals and publications. From the articles searched, 23 were obtained and reviewed. Out of the large amount of quantitative and qualitative studies found, articles about the patient safety in nursing were selected and their results are summarized in Table 1 below. Results: The results of the review of 23 articles showed that patient safety in the majority of Iranian hospitals was at acceptable levels, and only in a few cities such as Shiraz and Hamadan. Conclusion: According to the review, further planning is needed to improve the patient's safety, such as reducing mistakes, incidents of falling, hospital infections, surgical complications, and improving other safety features so that all hospitals in the future will be upgraded to safety-friendly hospitals.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61337_896b2cef289d4ef86146b745efacfd09.pdf
Patient Safety Education
Quality of Care and Nursing
eng
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Medical Reviews
2345-525X
2017-06-01
4
2
58
61
10.29252/ijmr-040206
61340
Dedicated WhatsApp Messenger Use in Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review
Taiwo Akhigbe
akhigbetaiwo@yahoo.com
1
Ardalan Zolnourian
2
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
Introduction: Outdated communication technology in neurosurgery can place effective patient care and safety in jeopardy. Patients care in neurosurgery has significantly improved with the introduction of modern equipment and recent technology for effective and efficient patient care. WhatsApp represents as a safe, efficient, easily affordable and cost effective technology. This study aims to review the use of dedicated WhatsApp for facilitating communication in neurosurgery setting for the first time and discusses its attendant effect on ethics, professional and social implication.
Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to evaluate and analyse current evidence with regards to dedicated WhatsApp use in neurosurgery using databases including Medline, EMBASE and Google Scholar. The keywords employed in this search strategy include WhatsApp, social media, ethics, professionalism, and neurosurgery. The inclusion criteria are any type of study relevant to the review, studies on adult human patients only, papers only published in English and seminal papers relevant to this study.
Results: The systematic literature search yielded 750 articles. Furthermore, twelve studies were identified after the removal of non-relevant studies and duplicates. Final screen of eligibility for dedicated WhatsApp Messenger usage yielded two articles. A prospective observational study by Kankane et al. and a letter by Graziano et al., which described in detail WhatsApp use in neurosurgical centers. Also, in five neurosurgical centers, dedicated WhatsApp use were identified. Currently there is significant paucity of evidence of WhatsApp use in Neurosurgery.
Conclusion: The inventor of WhatsApp has widely helped in developing a completely novel and innovative technology with the potential to improve patient care. This is while, the current form of WhatsApp has been considered to be unsafe in terms of ethical implication to handle patient data and eventually, is inappropriate for use in clinical environments. It can be mentioned that a more secure alternative will definitely come to use in clinical environments.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61340_65e2c04a70bd5eafb76998b0624b3931.pdf
WhatsApp
Social Media
Ethics
Professionalism
Neurosurgery
eng
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Medical Reviews
2345-525X
2017-06-01
4
2
62
63
10.29252/ijmr-040207
61341
The Role of Homeopathy as a Complementary and Alternative Medicine and its Application
Belinda Gousta
belindagousta44@gmail.com
1
Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61341_352744c8f05654d0a3573a61a58bbeef.pdf