ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cancer Screening Guidelines: A Rapid Review
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. It has been expected that the burden of cancer has increased due to population growth and aging and lifestyle behaviors. Thus, cancer screening guidelines have developed to prevent mortality and adverse effects of late detection of cancers. In this study, screening guidelines of major cancers have been reviewed and discussed.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_63093_43da4615953eb3074803d7c2638ac783.pdf
2017-12-25
95
97
10.29252/ijmr-040402
cancer
Screening
mortality
Mohsen Saberi
Isfeedvajani
drsaberihaji@gmail.com
1
Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center and Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(1):7-30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21442. pmid: 29313949.
1
Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(2):87-108. doi: 10.3322/caac.21262. pmid: 25651787.
2
Global Burden of Disease Cancer C, Fitzmaurice C, Dicker D, Pain A, Hamavid H, Moradi-Lakeh M, et al. The Global Burden of Cancer 2013. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1(4):505-27. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.0735. pmid: 26181261.
3
Smith RA, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Brooks D, Doroshenk M, Fedewa S, Saslow D, et al. Cancer screening in the United States, 2015: a review of current American cancer society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(1):30-54. doi: 10.3322/caac.21261. pmid: 25581023.
4
Haas JS, Sprague BL, Klabunde CN, Tosteson AN, Chen JS, Bitton A, et al. Provider Attitudes and Screening Practices Following Changes in Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines. J Gen Intern Med. 2016;31(1):52-9. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3449-5. pmid: 26129780.
5
Siu AL, Force USPST. Screening for Breast Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164(4):279-96. doi: 10.7326/M15-2886. pmid: 26757170.
6
Tonelli M, Connor Gorber S, Joffres M, Dickinson J, Singh H, Lewin G, et al. Recommendations on screening for breast cancer in average-risk women aged 40-74 years. CMAJ. 2011;183(17):1991-2001. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.110334. pmid: 22106103.
7
Esherick JS, Clark DS, Slater ED, Gonzales R. Current Practice Guidelines in Primary Care: 2016: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division; 2016.
8
Sawaya GF, Smith-McCune K. Cervical Cancer Screening. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;127(3):459-67. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001136. pmid: 26855089.
9
Fowler CI, Saraiya M, Moskosky SB, Miller JW, Gable J, Mautone-Smith N. Trends in Cervical Cancer Screening in Title X-Funded Health Centers - United States, 2005-2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017;66(37):981-5. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6637a4. pmid: 28934183.
10
Leggett BA, Hewett DG. Colorectal cancer screening. Intern Med J. 2015;45(1):6-15. doi: 10.1111/imj.12636. pmid: 25582937.
11
Bray C, Bell LN, Liang H, Collins D, Yale SH. Colorectal Cancer Screening. WMJ. 2017;116(1):27-33. pmid: 29099566.
12
Schreuders EH, Ruco A, Rabeneck L, Schoen RE, Sung JJ, Young GP, et al. Colorectal cancer screening: a global overview of existing programmes. Gut. 2015;64(10):1637-49. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-309086. pmid: 26041752.
13
Vernon SW, Murphy CC, McQueen A. Colorectal cancer screening. Psycho-Oncology. New York: Oxford University Press; 2015.
14
Imperiale TF, Ransohoff DF, Itzkowitz SH, Levin TR, Lavin P, Lidgard GP, et al. Multitarget stool DNA testing for colorectal-cancer screening. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(14):1287-97. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311194. pmid: 24645800.
15
Knudsen AB, Zauber AG, Rutter CM, Naber SK, Doria-Rose VP, Pabiniak C, et al. Estimation of Benefits, Burden, and Harms of Colorectal Cancer Screening Strategies: Modeling Study for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016;315(23):2595-609. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.6828. pmid: 27305518.
16
Sung JJ, Ng SC, Chan FK, Chiu HM, Kim HS, Matsuda T, et al. An updated Asia Pacific Consensus Recommendations on colorectal cancer screening. Gut. 2015;64(1):121-32. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306503. pmid: 24647008.
17
Drazer MW, Huo D, Eggener SE. National Prostate Cancer Screening Rates After the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Discouraging Prostate-Specific Antigen-Based Screening. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(22):2416-23. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2015.61.6532. pmid: 26056181.
18
Catalona WJ. Prostate Cancer Screening. Med Clin North Am. 2018;102(2):199-214. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2017.11 .001. pmid: 29406053.
19
Eastham J. Prostate cancer screening. Investig Clin Urol. 2017;58(4):217-9. doi: 10.4111/icu.2017.58.4.217. pmid: 28681029.
20
Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ. The US Preventive Services Task Force 2017 Draft Recommendation Statement on Screening for Prostate Cancer: An Invitation to Review and Comment. JAMA. 2017;317(19):1949-50. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.4413. pmid: 28397958.
21
Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Joniau S, van der Kwast T, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. part 1: screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent-update 2013. Eur Urol. 2014;65(1):124-37. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.09.046. pmid: 24207135.
22
Mottet N, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Briers E, Cumberbatch MG, De Santis M, et al. EAU-ESTRO-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part 1: Screening, Diagnosis, and Local Treatment with Curative Intent. Eur Urol. 2017;71(4):618-29. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.08.003. pmid: 27568654.
23
de Koning HJ, Meza R, Plevritis SK, ten Haaf K, Munshi VN, Jeon J, et al. Benefits and harms of computed tomography lung cancer screening strategies: a comparative modeling study for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160(5):311-20. doi: 10.7326/M13-2316. pmid: 24379002.
24
Tanoue LT, Tanner NT, Gould MK, Silvestri GA. Lung cancer screening. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191(1):19-33. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201410-1777CI. pmid: 25369325.
25
Infante M, Cavuto S, Lutman FR, Passera E, Chiarenza M, Chiesa G, et al. Long-Term Follow-up Results of the DANTE Trial, a Randomized Study of Lung Cancer Screening with Spiral Computed Tomography. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191(10):1166-75. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201408-1475OC. pmid: 25760561.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cancer Trends and the Importance of Prevention
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The incidence and mortality of cancer is expected to grow rapidly. In Iran cancer morbidity and mortality are gradually changing as a result of economic, demographic and epidemiological transition. Common cancers, such as breast, prostate, colorectal and stomach have different rates of morbidity and mortality in advanced countries and also in Iran. This differentiation has been attributed to prevention measures and activities to control cancer. Cancer prevention and control is one of the most important scientific and public health challenges of this era. A comprehensive cancer control program suggests various ways to control cancer and implements those that are the most cost-effective and beneficial for the largest part of the Iranian population. Thus, it is suggested that a cancer prevention program in three levels of prevention is conducted. The goal of primary prevention is controlling of cancer causes which will be done by preventing human exposure to the risk factors of cancer. Secondary prevention includes early detection of cancer based on the screening program and an effective and timely treatment. Tertiary prevention includes Palliative care to improve the quality of life of patients and their families facing these problems. Considering the existing facilities and the breadth of the primary health care network and human resources and scientific support, a comprehensive cancer control program must be integrated into the primary healthcare network in Iran.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_63094_b9980516e3e9e22e05594a973dbeda82.pdf
2017-12-25
98
101
10.29252/ijmr-040403
cancer
Prevention
Incidence
mortality
Iran
Esmat
Davoudi Monfared
davoudimonfared@gmail.com
1
Health Management Research Center and Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(1):7-30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21442. pmid: 29313949.
1
Stewart BWKP, Wild CP. World cancer report 2014. World Health Organization, 2017.
2
Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, et al. Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes. Pharm Res. 2008;25(9):2097-116. doi: 10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9. pmid: 18626751.
3
Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer. 2015;136(5):E359-86. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29210. pmid: 25220842.
4
Mousavi SM, Gouya MM, Ramazani R, Davanlou M, Hajsadeghi N, Seddighi Z. Cancer incidence and mortality in Iran. Ann Oncol. 2009;20(3):556-63. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdn642. pmid: 19073863.
5
Kolahdoozan S, Sadjadi A, Radmard AR, Khademi H. Five common cancers in Iran. Arch Iran Med. 2010;13(2):143-6. pmid: 20187669.
6
Daroudi R, Akbari Sari A, Nahvijou A, Kalaghchi B, Najafi M, Zendehdel K. The Economic Burden of Breast Cancer in Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2015;44(9):1225-33. pmid: 26587497.
7
Mousavi SM, Montazeri A, Mohagheghi MA, Jarrahi AM, Harirchi I, Najafi M, et al. Breast cancer in Iran: an epidemiological review. Breast J. 2007;13(4):383-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2007.00446.x. pmid: 17593043.
8
Jemal A, Center MM, DeSantis C, Ward EM. Global patterns of cancer incidence and mortality rates and trends. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010;19(8):1893-907. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0437. pmid: 20647400.
9
Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J, Ward E. Cancer statistics, 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010;60(5):277-300. doi: 10.3322/caac.20073. pmid: 20610543.
10
Heitz AE, Baumgartner RN, Baumgartner KB, Boone SD. Healthy lifestyle impact on breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;167(1):171-81. doi: 10.1007/s10549-017-4467-2. pmid: 28861753.
11
Moy L, Slanetz PJ, Moore R, Satija S, Yeh ED, McCarthy KA, et al. Specificity of mammography and US in the evaluation of a palpable abnormality: retrospective review. Radiology. 2002;225(1):176-81. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2251010999. pmid: 12355002.
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Welch HG, Prorok PC, O'Malley AJ, Kramer BS. Breast-Cancer Tumor Size, Overdiagnosis, and Mammography Screening Effectiveness. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(15):1438-47. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1600249. pmid: 27732805.
13
Yazdizadeh B, Jarrahi AM, Mortazavi H, Mohagheghi MA, Tahmasebi S, Nahvijo A. Time trends in the occurrence of major GI cancers in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2005;6(2):130-4. pmid: 16101320.
14
Malekzadeh R, Derakhshan MH, Malekzadeh Z. Gastric cancer in Iran: epidemiology and risk factors. Arch Iran Med. 2009;12(6):576-83. pmid: 19877751.
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16
Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Smigal C, et al. Cancer statistics, 2006. CA Cancer J Clin. 2006;56(2):106-30. pmid: 16514137.
17
Catalona WJ, Southwick PC, Slawin KM, Partin AW, Brawer MK, Flanigan RC, et al. Comparison of percent free PSA, PSA density, and age-specific PSA cutoffs for prostate cancer detection and staging. Urology. 2000;56(2):255-60. pmid: 10925089.
18
Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Hao Y, Xu J, Murray T, et al. Cancer statistics, 2008. CA Cancer J Clin. 2008;58(2):71-96. doi: 10.3322/CA.2007.0010. pmid: 18287387.
19
Dolatkhah R, Somi MH, Bonyadi MJ, Asvadi Kermani I, Farassati F, Dastgiri S. Colorectal cancer in iran: molecular epidemiology and screening strategies. J Cancer Epidemiol. 2015;2015:643020. doi: 10.1155/2015/643020. pmid: 25685149.
20
Dolatkhah R, Somi MH, Kermani IA, Ghojazadeh M, Jafarabadi MA, Farassati F, et al. Increased colorectal cancer incidence in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:997. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2342-9. pmid: 26423906.
21
Winawer S, Fletcher R, Rex D, Bond J, Burt R, Ferrucci J, et al. Colorectal cancer screening and surveillance: clinical guidelines and rationale-Update based on new evidence. Gastroenterology. 2003;124(2):544-60. doi: 10.1053/gast.2003.50044. pmid: 12557158.
22
Bray F, Ren JS, Masuyer E, Ferlay J. Global estimates of cancer prevalence for 27 sites in the adult population in 2008. Int J Cancer. 2013;132(5):1133-45. doi: 10.1002/ijc.27711. pmid: 22752881.
23
Bonita R, De Courten M, Dwyer T, Jamrozik K, Winkelmann R. Surveillance of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases: The WHO STEPwise approach: Summary. Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health, World Health Organization, 2001.
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Smith RA, Cokkinides V, von Eschenbach AC, Levin B, Cohen C, Runowicz CD, et al. American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer. CA Cancer J Clin. 2002;52(1):8-22. pmid: 11814067.
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30
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Organic and Psychogenic Causes of Sexual Dysfunction in Young Men
Sexual dysfunction, specifically erectile dysfunction (ED), premature ejaculation (PE), and delayed ejaculation (DE), are debilitating diseases, especially in young men. The past decade has seen an increase in the number of young men (under 40 years of age) presenting to their physician with sexual dysfunction. Traditionally, sexual dysfunction in young men was viewed as a strictly psychosomatic problem stemming from underlying psychogenic causes such as anxiety or insecurity. While this is true in some cases, the advent of new diagnostic tools and pharmacotherapy have revealed that the prevalence of organic causes for these diseases is much higher than previously thought. In reality, many patients present with primarily organic sexual dysfunction that then triggers concomitant psychogenic stressors such as anxiety and depression which exacerbate their problem. This review focuses on the common etiologies of sexual dysfunction experienced by young men in order to help educate clinicians so that they may better understand, identify, and serve this growing patient population.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61853_971890225367771f702167dfcd51dd86.pdf
2017-12-25
102
111
10.29252/ijmr-040404
Young Men
Erectile Dysfunction
Premature Ejaculation
Delayed Ejaculation
Etiologies
Brian
Dick
bdick@tulane.edu
1
School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
AUTHOR
Amit
Reddy
areddy1@tulane.edu
2
School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
AUTHOR
Andrew
Gabrielson
andrewtgabe@gmail.com
3
School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
AUTHOR
Wayne John
Hellstrom
whellst@tulane.edu
4
School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
LEAD_AUTHOR
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1
Reed-Maldonado AB, Lue TF. A syndrome of erectile dysfunction in young men? Transl Androl Urol. 2016;5(2):228-34. doi: 10.21037/tau.2016.03.02. pmid: 27141452.
2
McCabe MP, Sharlip ID, Atalla E, Balon R, Fisher AD, Laumann E, et al. Definitions of Sexual Dysfunctions in Women and Men: A Consensus Statement From the Fourth International Consultation on Sexual Medicine 2015. J Sex Med. 2016;13(2):135-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2015.12.019. pmid: 26953828.
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O'Sullivan LF, Brotto LA, Byers ES, Majerovich JA, Wuest JA. Prevalence and characteristics of sexual functioning among sexually experienced middle to late adolescents. J Sex Med. 2014;11(3):630-41. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12419. pmid: 24418498.
5
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13
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15
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35
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81
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Removal of Dye by Biological Methods Using Fungi
Synthetic dyes are increasingly used in industries such as medicine, pharmaceuticals, textiles, paper, cosmetics, leather, photography, food, etc. These compounds have severe environmental effects; most are toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic. In addition, they are usually resistant to degradation, and decolorizing them by physical or chemical methods, such as surface absorption, sedimentation, chemical analysis, light analysis, etc., requires substantial amounts of money, time, and energy. At the moment, the attention of most researchers in this field is focused on microorganisms with the ability to remove dyes from color materials. Innovative processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater which contains heavy metals and dyes are often used to reduce environmental pollution and the toxicity of these pollutants to cause the wastewater to meet purification standards. Research has shown that microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and yeasts can play an important role in decolorizing wastewater. The purpose of this paper is to review the causes of contamination and the role of fungi in decolorizing industrial wastewater.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_62777_0f45a3a25891a6f1811410aee772aae0.pdf
2017-12-25
112
118
10.29252/ijmr-040405
Decolorization
Fungi
Waste water
Behnaz
Abbasi
abbasi.behbanz@gmail.com
1
Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Qu B, Zhou J, Xiang X, Zheng C, Zhao H, Zhou X. Adsorption behavior of azo dye C. I. acid red 14 in aqueous solution on surface soils. J Environ Sci (China). 2008;20(6):704-9. pmid: 18763565.
1
Qani Zadeh G, Asgari G. [Methylene blue dye removal from wastewater using bone ash]. J Hamedan Univ Med Sci. 2009;2(2):104-13.
2
Chatha SAS, Asgher M, Ali S, Hussain AI. Biological color stripping: A novel technology for removal of dye from cellulose fibers. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2012;87(2):1476-81. doi: 10.1016/j.carbp ol.2011.09.041.
3
Roys N. Optimal investment policy with fixed adjustment costs and complete irreversibility. Econom Let. 2014;124(3):416-9. doi: 10.1016/j.econ let.2014.06.026.
4
Qian J, Lu H, Cui Y, Wei L, Liu R, Chen GH. Investigation on thiosulfate-involved organics and nitrogen removal by a sulfur cycle-based biological wastewater treatment process. Water Res. 2015;69:295-306. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014. 11.0 38. pmid: 25497428.
5
Cullough MC, Hazon J. Introduction to bioremediation. USA: Department of energy NABIR grant; 2002.
6
Bahmaei M, Rahnavard Kissomi Z, Olya M, Kasehgari H. Removal Of Labs Anionic Surfactant By Perlite And Activated Carbon. J Appl Res Chem. 2013;7(2):67-73.
7
Pirkarami A, Olya ME, Najafi F. Removal of azo dye from aqueous solution using an anionic polymeric urethane absorbent (APUA). J Ind Eng Chem. 2015;21:387-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014 .02.050.
8
Çetinkaya Dönmez G, Aksu Z, Öztürk A, Kutsal T. A comparative study on heavy metal biosorption characteristics of some algae. Proc Biochem. 1999;34(9):885-92. doi: 10.1016/s0032-9592(99)00005-9.
9
Nuhoglu Y, Malkoc E, Gurses A, Canpolat N. The removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by Ulothrix zonata. Bioresour Technol. 2002;85(3):331-3. doi: 10.1016/s0960-8524(02)00098-6. pmid: 12365504.
10
Khalaf MA. Biosorption of reactive dye from textile wastewater by non-viable biomass of Aspergillus niger and Spirogyra sp. Bioresour Technol. 2008;99(14):6631-4. doi: 10.1016/j.biorte ch.2007.12.010. pmid: 18242981.
11
Abd El-Rahim WM, El-Ardy OAM, Mohammad FHA. The effect of pH on bioremediation potential for the removal of direct violet textile dye by Aspergillus niger. Desalination. 2009;249(3):1206-11. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2009.06 .037.
12
Forgacs E, Cserhati T, Oros G. Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review. Environ Int. 2004;30(7):953-71. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2004 .02.001. pmid: 15196844.
13
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14
Toh Y-C, Yen JJL, Obbard JP, Ting Y-P. Decolourisation of azo dyes by white-rot fungi (WRF) isolated in Singapore. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2003;33(5):569-75. doi: 10.1016/s0141-0229(03)00 177-7.
15
Martins MAM, Lima N, Silvestre AJD, Queiroz MJ. Comparative studies of fungal degradation of single or mixed bioaccessible reactive azo dyes. Chemosphere. 2003;52(6):967-73. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00286-8.
16
Crini G. Non-conventional low-cost adsorbents for dye removal: a review. Bioresour Technol. 2006;97(9):1061-85. doi: 10.1016/j.bior tech.2005.05.001. pmid: 15993052.
17
Mazaheri Tehrani M. [Decontamination of wastewater from textile factories by fungi and appropriate strain selection]. Tehran: University of Tehran; 1997.
18
Griffin D. Spore dormancy and germination. Fungal physiology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1994. p. 375-98.
19
Yang Q, Li C, Li H, Li Y, Yu N. Degradation of synthetic reactive azo dyes and treatment of textile wastewater by a fungi consortium reactor. Biochem Eng J. 2009;43(3):225-30. doi: 10.1016/j.bej.2008. 10.002.
20
Jahangir M. [The effect of different factors on the growth of the marine strain to remove the color]. 4th Iranian Chemical Engineering Congress; Iran1998.
21
Gonthier P, Nicolotti G. A field key to identify common wood decay fungal species on standing trees. Arboricult Urb Forest. 2007;33(6):410.
22
Blanchette RA, Behrendt CD, Williams D, Iverson S, Akhtar M, Enebak SA, editors. New approach to effective biopulping: Treating logs with Phlebiopsis gigantea. Proceedings of the 1998 7th International Conference on Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper Industry Part 1 (of 3); 1998: CPPA.
23
Ebrahim Poor G, Homsi M. [Effect of fungal treatment on resistance properties of chemical-mechanical pulp of hornbeam wood]. Iranian Q J Sci Res Wood Paper 2012;7(1):1-15.
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27
Fillat Latorre A. Flax fibre modification using enzyme systems to obtain high-value cellulose products. Catalunya: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; 2011.
28
Kirk T, Koning J, Burgess R, Akhtar M, Blanchette R. Biopulping: A glimpse of the future. Forest Service research paper. Forest Service, Madison, WI: Forest Products Lab; 1993.
29
Wolfaardt JF. Utilization of wood-decay fungi for biokraft pulping of softwood 1999.
30
Fujita K. Biobleaching of kraft pulp using white-rot fungus IZU-154. Tappi J. 1991;74:123-7.
31
Bajpai P, Kondo R. Biotechnology for environmental protection in the pulp and paper industry: Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.
32
Scott GM, Swaney R. New technology for papermaking: biopulping economics. Tappi J. 1998;81(12):153-7.
33
Akhtar M, Attridge M, Blanchette R, Myers G, Wall M, Sykes M, et al. The white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora saves electrical energy and improves strength properties during biomechanical pulping of wood. Biotechnol Pulp Paper Ind. 1992:3-8.
34
Hernández M, Hernández-Coronado MJ, Pérez MI, Revilla E, Villar JC, Ball AS, et al. Biomechanical pulping of spruce wood chips with Streptomyces cyaneus CECT 3335 and handsheet characterization. Holzforschung. 2005;59(2). doi: 10.1515/hf.2005.027.
35
Schmidt O, Czeschlik D. Wood and tree fungi. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2006.
36
Malinen R, Islam M, Karim M, editors. Beneficial Effects of Fungal Treatment before Pulping and Bleaching of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus Camaldulensis. 59th Appita Annual Conference and Exhibition; 2005; Auckland, New Zealand.
37
Rajabi S, Afraa A. [Investigating the process of biological pulping and its performance on reducing wastewater in the stage]. 2002.
38
Madhavi V, Lele S. Laccase: properties and applications. BioResources. 2009;4(4):1694-717.
39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Recent Advances in the Early Diagnosis of Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Oral cancer survival rates are strongly dependent upon the stage in which the diagnosis is being made. Patients diagnosed with oral cancer within the localized stage have a substantially greater chance of successful treatment, and there is a greater chance of morbidity if the patient is diagnosed with cancer in later stages. Successful early detection symbolizes one of the superlative techniques which would eventually increase the oral cancer survival rate and quality of life worldwide. This study aimed to illustrate and provide awareness of current trends and recent advances in early diagnostic tools of oral cancer and to differentiate the validity of diverse initial detection methods. Methods: This research is a systematic review. The evaluation was confined to articles published in the past 15 years (i.e. 1999-2016). Searches were conducted both manually and electronically. A “manual exploration” was made by methodically examining key journals available in the library of the institution; documents and data were retrieved from the online databases PubMed and Google Scholar.Results: In total, 19 articles were reviewed. Conclusions: Oral cancer detection techniques can provide real-time diagnoses and are non-invasive. At present, large multicenter trials are necessary to determine the sensitivity and specificity of these individual and combined techniques and to evaluate and develop their ability to detect and manage potentially malignant and malicious oral lesions.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_63015_d02f21ec962982126b708b63c45e520e.pdf
2017-12-25
119
125
10.29252/ijmr-040406
oral cancer
Pre-Cancerous Lesions
Screening, Recent Advances
Sensitivity
Specificity
Early Diagnosis
Nijampatnam
Pavani
madhupavani.dr@gmail.com
1
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Priya
Srinivas
2
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, India
AUTHOR
Nandita Rani
Kothia
3
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, India
AUTHOR
Viswa Chaitanya
Chandu
viswachaitanya17@gmail.com
4
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, India
AUTHOR
Lipkin A, VeriMed Healthcare Network. Oral Cancer 2018 [updated 2018; cited 2018]. Available from: https://www.healthcentral.com/encyclopedia/o/oral-cancer.
1
Shin D, Vigneswaran N, Gillenwater A, Richards-Kortum R. Advances in fluorescence imaging techniques to detect oral cancer and its precursors. Future Oncol. 2010;6(7):1143-54. doi: 10.2217/fon.10.79. pmid: 20624126.
2
Nitish Grag K, Singhal K. Potentially Oral Malignant Lesion and Oral Cancer and Future Diagnostic Techniques: A Review. Indian J Appl Res. 2013;3(6):421-5.
3
Omar EA. The outline of prognosis and new advances in diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): review of the literature. J Oral Oncol. 2013;3(2):1-13. doi: 10.1155/2013/519312.
4
Du GF, Li CZ, Chen HZ, Chen XM, Xiao Q, Cao ZG, et al. Rose bengal staining in detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions with colorimetric evaluation: a pilot study. Int J Cancer. 2007;120(9):1958-63. doi: 10.1002/ijc.22467. pmid: 17245698.
5
Fedele S. Diagnostic aids in the screening of oral cancer. Head Neck Oncol. 2009;1:5. doi: 10.1186/1758-3284-1-5. pmid: 19284694.
6
Malignant - definition of malignant by The Free Dictionary 2018 [updated 2018; cited 2018]. Available from: https://www.thefreedictionary.com/malignant.
7
World Health Organization. Cancer - World Health Organization 2018 [updated 2018; cited 2014]. Available from: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/can cer.
8
Park K. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. Jabalpur: Bhanot Publishers; 2017.
9
Chen YW, Lin JS, Wu CH, Lui MT, Kao SY, Fong Y. Application of in vivo stain of methylene blue as a diagnostic aid in the early detection and screening of oral squamous cell carcinoma and precancer lesions. J Chin Med Assoc. 2007;70(11):497-503. doi: 10.1016/S1726-4901(08)70048-0. pmid: 18063504.
10
Gupta M, Gupta M, Aggarwal A, Ahuja R. Recent advancements in the diagnosis of oral premalignant and malignant lesions: A comprehensive review. Clin Cancer Invest J. 2013;2(3):181. doi: 10.4103/2278-0513.119249.
11
Masthan KM, Babu NA, Dash KC, Elumalai M. Advanced diagnostic aids in oral cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(8):3573-6. doi: 10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.8.3573. pmid: 23098535.
12
Sciubba JJ. Improving detection of precancerous and cancerous oral lesions. Computer-assisted analysis of the oral brush biopsy. U.S. Collaborative OralCDx Study Group. J Am Dent Assoc. 1999;130(10):1445-57. pmid: 10570588.
13
Scheifele C, Schmidt-Westhausen AM, Dietrich T, Reichart PA. The sensitivity and specificity of the OralCDx technique: evaluation of 103 cases. Oral Oncol. 2004;40(8):824-8. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2004.02.004. pmid: 15288838.
14
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34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Importance of Meta-Analysis in Medical Research
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_61900_286c6841c842edbe1015fd8be40547cf.pdf
2017-12-25
126
126
10.29252/ijmr-040407
Hamid Reza
Rasouli
hr.rasouli64@gmail.com
1
Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahram
Manoochehry
shahram.manoochehry@yahoo.com
2
Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Fathollah
Ahmadpour
3
Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Abbasi Farajzadeh
mohsen10_fam@yahoo.com
4
Marine Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Borenstein M, Hedges LV, Higgins J, Rothstein HR. Converting among effect sizes. Introduction to meta-analysis. 2009:45-9.
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Haidich AB. Meta-analysis in medical research. Hippokratia. 2010;14(Suppl 1):29-37. pmid: 21487488.
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Sutton AJ, Abrams KR, Jones DR, Sheldon TA, Song F. Methods for meta-analysis in medical research. Stat Med. 2003;22(19):3111-4.
3
Rasouli H, Rezaee M, Danial Z. Statistics in trauma research. Trauma Mon. 2014;19(2):e17606. doi: 10.5812/traumamo n.17606. pmid: 25032152.
4