ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Stroke Events: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Stroke is a very disabling state that affects a considerable number of people around the world and it has been associated with human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection. However, there is no comprehensive review article in the literature that well investigates this critical topic. So, we performed this systematic review using Pubmed search. From 655 studies found at the initial search using broad Mesh terms and after exclusion studies of unrelated topics or out of criteria, 39 studies have been left and reviewed. During over 1.2 million person-years of follow up, a broad spectrum of incidence rate of stroke events has been reported by different authors from 0.73/1000 to 5.27/1000 person years of follow up in different cohort studies. About the anatomical regions of the brain which are complicated by HIV infection, circle of Willis and basal structures including basal ganglia and thalamus seem to be more affected. The range of risk factors which have been associated with stroke events in HIV infected patients is too much wide and includes controversy: younger age, gender,hemorrhagic (vs. ischemic) stroke, antiretroviral therapy are the major factors with controversial factors associated with higher or lower stroke events in HIV infected individuals.on the other hand there were factors constantly repo rted as risk factors of higher stroke events in HIV positive patients which included CD4 cell counts, having AIDS, diabetes, being smoker, and not having arterial hypertension. Future controlled studies with large study populations can better clarify these risk factors.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_68245_e967721474f075cc4e09080424ca84cd.pdf
2014-01-01
1
8
Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus
Stroke
Events
Reza
Karbasi-Afshar
1
Cardiovascular Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Morteza
Izadi
dr.izadi.m@gmail.com
2
Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Prevalence of disabilities and associated health conditions among adults –United States, 1999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2001; 50: 120–125.
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Karbasi-Afshar R, Izadi M. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection and Coronary Artery Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation: A Systematic Review. Int J Travel Med Glob Health. (in press)
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Karbasi-Afshar R, Izadi M. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review. Int J Trav Med Glob Health. (in press)
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46
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A brief survey on Medical Ethics regarding the Holy Quran and Isalmic Hadith
Historically, Western medical ethics may be found to guidelines on the duty of physicians such as the Hippocratic Oath, and early Christian teachings. One of the first code of medical ethics was published in the 5th century, in the medieval and early modern period, the field is indebted to Muslim medicine such as Ishaq ibn Ali alRuhawi (who wrote the Conduct of a Physician, the first book dedicated to medical ethics) and Muhammad ibn Zakariya ar-Razi (known as Rhazes in the West), both as Islamic thinkers. Both western and Islamic ethics in medicine (as one of the most important aspects of human being) have the same concerns; however, the path which guides us to the ultimate goal were different; as Islamic rules relay on The Holy Quran and Hadith. We have gathered as much data as we could find through this two mostimportant sources of Islamic rules regarding Medical Ethics.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_68242_fdb753522078321267c601d1b4689517.pdf
2014-01-01
9
12
Survey
Medical
Ethics
Holy
Quran
Isalmic
Hadith
Seyed Hassan
Saadat
saadat350@bmsu.ac.ir
1
Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali Akbar
Chavoshi
2
School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Khodabakhsh
Ahmadi
3
Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Holy Quran verses
1
Tamimi, A. GHoorlhakam wa Doorolhakam. Tehran University publishing; 1982
2
Nahjolbelaghah, Ali ibn Abitaleb
3
Dashti M. The Farsi translation of Nahjolbelaghah. Qom; 2006
4
Rezaee Esfahani MA. Research in scientific shrining of Holy Quran. Vol. 2. Ketab –e- Mobin publisher; 2002
5
Tabtabaei SMH. Al-Mizan tafsir of Holy Quran. Islamic publisher of Qom cleric committee; 1996
6
Tarihi F. Majma-el-Bahrein. Mortazavi Publisher; 1997
7
Gharaati M. The Noor Tafsir. Lessons from Quran Society' 2003
8
Nafisi A. A survey of medicine and medical ethics in Nahjolbelaghah; In: searching of Nahjolbelaghah. Nahad-e-Nahjolbelaghah publisher; 2010
9
Kalini M. Al-Kafi. Dal-al-maktab-alIslamiah; 1986
10
Larijani B. Ethics in medical research. Baraye fard; 2002
11
Mohammadi Rayshahri M. Medical Hadith encyclopedia. Dar-al-Hadith publisher group; 2005
12
Kaplan H, Sadock B, eds. Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry. 9th ed. Philadelphia, USA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2009.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Professors’ view on the appropriate postgraduate degree in nursing education: A comparative study in two different sociocultural societies and literature review
Generally, studying and taking license in doctorate of nursing should be according to the society's requirement for better applying of that doctorate degree. In this line, selecting appropriate doctorate program is one the most challenges for any nurses that fulfill the different professional need of nursing disciplinary in academic and clinical settings. The purposes of present study were comparison of the PhD and DNP programs aims and determining appropriate doctoral program from the American and Iranian professor's perspective according to the academic and clinical contexts. The design of study was a review and an internet-based cross-sectional research. Selected governmental Universities in all over the Iran and the United States (presenting DNP program) were settings of study. The participants of study were lectures with the academic position higher than instructor (Assistant professor = 32, Associate professor = 22, and Professor = 5). According to the first purpose, all of American's professors were compared and declared clearly but the majority of Iranian's professors weren't differentiated between the purposes and were explained their responses in the uncertainty halo. However, curriculum compatible with the interests and goals, increase in intellectual knowledge, career advancement, primary care clinical practice, and nursing education were described as the final purposes of PhD and DNP programs. About the second purpose, new PhD curriculum was developed according to the academic and clinical contexts with two sections: theoretical (24 credits) and clinical (22 credits) courses. The evolution of such new doctoral program in nursing especially in the developing countries, due to their limitations, deficiencies, and even lacks of resources, needs a multi and interdisciplinary partnership and cooperation to ameliorate bridges and reducing barriers; because of the majority of doctoral courses have dynamic nature and for that, need to modify and reconsider continuously. Furthermore, for better managing the new and sometimes challenging situations, such partnership and cooperation are so necessary.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_68250_7b6082a6b69d01b779ae845d59d35754.pdf
2014-01-01
13
23
Postgraduate degree in Nursing
Doctor of philosophy in nursing
Doctor of nursing practice
Nursing curriculum
Hybrid curriculum
New doctorate curriculum in nursing
Review article
Amir
Vahedian-Azimi
1
Behavioral Sciences Research Center and Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Ebadi
ebadi1347@bmsu.ac.ir
2
Behavioral Sciences Research Center and Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Soheil
Saadat
3
Sina Trauma Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Negarandeh
4
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Fazlollah
Ahmadi
5
Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effects of Nursing Interventions on Mothers’ Empowerment Regarding Improvement of the Care of Preterm Infant in NICU: A Systematic Review
Introduction: The birth of a preterm infant can be an overwhelming experience of guilt, fear and helplessness for parents. According to remarkable effect of nursing interventions on parents and infants in NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit), which has been pointed out in different studies, this study has been done to determine the effects of nursing interventions on improving mothers’ ability in taking care of the preterm infants.
Methods: This study was based on a systematic review, and it has been done in targeted form, by focusing on the study questions. The articles were studied from 2003 to 2013, by using four key words: Nursing interventions, mothers’ empowerment, preterm infants and NICU in Science Direct, Medline, PubMed, SID, Irandoc, and Iran medex databases. Relevant articles were selected after several steps of evaluation and full text of these articles were analyzed.
Results: In this study, among 35280 articles, we finally selected nine. Results of four major themes including; increase of parent-infant attachment and engagement, increase of parents’ confidence in taking care of preterm infants, decrease of psychological problems (depression, fear, anxiety, anger, etc.) and increase of preterm infants’ breastfeeding skills were extracted.
Conclusion: This study showed that, nursing interventions are effective in both parents and preterm infants for parents’ empowerment and partnership in taking care of preterm infant. Therefore, it is recommended to start education and care programs for parents who have had a preterm infant throughout the admission phase of the infant, discharge and after that in the houses and educational-treatment centers.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_68251_90de82a891839b2d69cc5558ba687a76.pdf
2014-01-01
25
31
Mothers’ empowerment
Preterm Infant
Nursing Interventions
NICU
Zahra
Salehi
1
Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Jamileh
Mokhtari Nouri
mokhtari@bmsu.ac.ir
2
Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyyed Mohamad
Khademolhoseyni
3
Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Ebadi
ebadi1347@bmsu.ac.ir
4
Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Burkitt’s Lymphoma Post Renal Transplantation: PTLD.Int Survey
Introduction: Burkitt‘s lymphoma is a well known type of malignant lymphoma in the general population; but in transplant era, it has not been defined as a distinct category of post transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD), possibly due to the very rare nature of this disease type in this population. In this first study, however, we aimed to find individual cases of Burkitt’s lymphomas reported by different series in the literature, and to compare their disease characters, behavior and prognosis with other PTLD patients reported by the same studies.
Methods: A comprehensive search of the current literature was performed through Pubmed and Google Scholar for reports or series including individual cases of Burkitt’s lymphomas developing post renal transplantation. Overall 23 cases of Burkitt’s PTLD were found whose data were compared to 103 renal transplant patients with other PTLD types. Immunosuppression types were comparable between the two groups (p=0.922).
Results: Burkitt’s PTLD were significantly more likely to occur in the paediatric age (vs. adults; 41% vs. 13%, respectively; p=0.005); and as late onset disease (>1 year posttransplant; 100% vs. 81%; p=0.035). Multi-organ PTLD (53% vs. 15%, respectively; p=0.004), Bone marrow complication (26% vs. 2%, respectively; p=0.003) and liver metastasis (12.5% vs. 0; p=0.043) were more frequently seen in the Burkitt’s PTLD group. Time interval from transplantation to PTLD development and survival of the patients were comparable between the two groups.
Conclusions: Burkitt’s lymphoma in renal transplant recipients is more likely to complicate children and to develop metastatic disease, especially within the bone marrow and the liver. So it is recommended to evaluate renal recipients whose PTLD lesions were histopathologically defined as Burkitt’s lymphoma, for potential metastatic lesions especially within the liver and/or bone marrow. Prospective studies are suggested for confirming these results.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_68252_70d4181527e2ea71442cd8fdd569eb7b.pdf
2014-01-01
33
38
Burkitt
Lymphoma
Renal
Transplantation
PTLD
Survey
Hossein
Khedmat
1
Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology & Liver Disease, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
AUTHOR
Reza
Karbasi-Afshar
karbasi.afshar@gmail.com
2
Cardiovascular Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Mini Review of Serotonin and Its Receptors
Serotonin is one of the most important Neurotransmitter and made up of aminoacids. Including L-tryptophan, only the L-isomer is used in protein synthesis and can pass across the blood-brain. Serotonin concentration in organisms is among the lowest of all amino acids and it has relatively low tissue. In this paper a brief review has done pertaining to history of serotonin, and potential cognitive aspects including CNS and PNS modulation of serotonin. Major focus of paper is to review subtypes of serotonin receptors. It’s gathered up-to-date information about other pharmacologic agents such as agonist and antagonist of serotonin.
https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_68254_b0934457c5b80232ba84500d4dcef70b.pdf
2014-01-01
39
45
Serotonin
Receptors
Pharmacological Agents
Agonist
Antagonist
Mohammadreza
Zarindast
1
Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Institute of Cognitive Sciences Studies, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Nasehi
2
Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Institute of Cognitive Sciences Studies, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammadjavad
Hoseinpourfard
hpf.javad@gmail.com
3
Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Institute of Cognitive Sciences Studies, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR