The resurgence of the Mpox virus in various regions has raised significant concerns regarding its potential to evolve into a global pandemic, mainly due to the rising rates of human-to-human transmission. This review aims to delve into the intricate aspects of Mpox by analyzing recent epidemiological data, transmission dynamics, clinical features, and public health responses. Our primary objective is to evaluate the pandemic potential of Mpox by comparing the current situation to established pandemic criteria. This evaluation will consider factors that may facilitate or impede the virus's spread among populations. To bolster our findings, we have gathered data from reputable sources, including peer-reviewed studies, reports from health organizations, and case analyses. While interventions like isolation and ring vaccination have effectively managed localized outbreaks, several challenges remain. These challenges primarily stem from limitations in resource allocation, vaccine availability, and the complexities of international coordination during health emergencies. Furthermore, this review will identify gaps in our understanding and management of Mpox, which are essential for shaping future pandemic preparedness strategies. We will also present actionable recommendations to enhance our response to Mpox and similar infectious diseases. This review aspires to comprehensively understand Mpox's pandemic potential by thoroughly exploring these elements. Our findings are intended to serve as a valuable resource for public health professionals, policymakers, and researchers dedicated to improving global health security in the face of emerging infectious threats.