Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X6120190315Complications of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting158743010.29252/IJMR-060101ENSyed Mohammad Asim HussainDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest, Liverpool, UKAmer HarkyDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest, Liverpool, UKJournal Article20181009Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has become much safer over the last 50 years due to advancement in clinical practice and technology development. However, it is still a complex and high-risk operation that carries significant morbidities and mortality. The most serious adverse events are death, stroke, bleeding requiring further surgery, peri-operative myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, and deep sternal wound infection. Each complication has an approximate risk of 1%-2%, and they must be fully discussed with the patient during the consent process. Many other complications can occur as the procedure affects the entire circulatory system and the visceral organs. Advancements have been made in cardiopulmonary bypass, graft selection, operating room practices, and multi-disciplinary team-working to reduce the risk of such complications occurring. This review article focused on the key complications of CABG.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_87430_7a8824667ddba5872b58e6663ca788e9.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X6120190315Nutrition and Phytotherapy: A Winning Combination Against Headache6138742910.29252/IJMR-060102ENLydia FerraraDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyJournal Article20180814Headache is an endemic, pathological disease that affects all individuals, regardless of age, gender, or social status. The causes of this phenomenon are many, and not all are known. Headaches vary in duration and severity and have a significant incidence in daily life. Pain is the main manifestation that can be associated with lacrimation, nausea, irritability, and dizziness. It is very difficult to find a specific treatment, and the medicaments used often have debilitating side effects that discourage their intake for long periods. Many doctors believe that proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle as much as possible will offer more possibilities for preventing headaches and relieving painful symptoms. A valid help also comes from phytotherapy. Today the use of natural methods is more and more pleasing to patients, because they can continue the cure for a long time without the fear of undesirable effects. Many plants have been known since ancient times for their effectiveness in the treatment of migraine, and modern analytical methods have scientifically demonstrated the validity of their use and the mechanism of action of the effective active compounds present in them.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_87429_8d58ddaedc4d0e579c6008014846a97d.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X6120190315In Silico Analysis Brucella OMPs and CagA for Expansion of a Subunit Vaccine Candidate Versus Brucellosis14208764010.29252/IJMR-060103ENAmir HosseinabadiDepartment of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranApplied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMohsen KoraniChemical Injuries Research Center, System Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDavoud EsmaeiliDepartment of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranApplied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20180906Brucellosis is one of the current zoonotic diseases, still a health hazard in many countries, and progressive research programs are necessary to control and eradicate this disease in endemic areas. Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are capable of allocating immunity and protection antigen in mice. CagA is an immunogenic protein of Helicobacter pylori. Because OMPs are part of <em>Brucella </em>spp, they have been conferred as potential immunogenic and protective antigens. In this study, the gene sequence which encoding TN-OMPs was obtained from GenBank. To estimate the 3D structure of the protein, modeling, prediction of secondary and tertiary structure, immunogenicity, allergenic sites and antigenic B-cell and T-cell epitopes were performed. The conserved domain of proteins was obtained and the epitopes of TN-OMPs were capable of inducing both B-cell and T-cell mediated immune responses. CagA is a cellular immunogenic protein that induces a Th1 response. The OMPs of Brucella could be used as a suitable vaccine candidate versus brucellosis.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_87640_c7417e15e72d8f2656630f4af4907d70.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X6120190315Principle and Practice of Post-natal Baby Check for General Practice: A Mini Review21258742610.29252/IJMR-060104ENTaiwo AkhigbeDepartment of Pediatrics, Altnalgevin Area Hospital, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UKJournal Article20181003A post-natal baby check is a comprehensive, head-to-toe clinical examination performed routinely within 72 hours of birth in the hospital and by a general practitioner (GP) in the community 6-8 weeks following delivery. It serves as an opportunity for continuity of care and coincides with the time of the baby’s first set of vaccinations at eight weeks, which is often when babies are seen by a GP. The aim of this review is to describe the important elements of infant baby check and physical examination at 6-8 weeks in the context of evidence-based guidelines. Some abnormalities that are not visible at 72 hours after birth can become apparent at the 6-8-week post-natal baby check, and this is a valuable opportunity for further care through establishing an effective and efficient partnership with the baby and the mother. A satisfactory and skillful physical examination of an infant is reassuring and valued by the parents.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_87426_3d6b0e445a9bbd1d7941b6389da9a364.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X6120190315Exercise-Based Approaches to the Treatment of Cellulite26278743110.29252/IJMR-060105ENBehzad TaatiDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-4171-6895Maryam KhoshnoodnasabDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, IranJournal Article20180802The presence of cellulite in women, as an unacceptable cosmetic condition related to skin and subcutaneous tissue, is a growing issue worldwide. Having a sedentary lifestyle is one of the most important factors regarding the formation of cellulite. However, only a limited number of scientific studies have been done to investigate the possible effects of exercise training on cellulite improvement. This focused review aimed to summarize the available evidence on this subject and provide a road map for conducting future exercise-based research on how to treat cellulite.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_87431_62af5c89fe0e7628d34182f707c11003.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X6120190315Olive Oil: Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Food28308763910.29252/IJMR-060106ENEsmaeil Ghanbari ShendiHacettepe University, Department of Food Engineering, Ankara, Turkey0000-0002-6086-0956Journal Article20181006Olive and olive oil is a major part of the Mediterranean diet and breakfast. This tree is a member of Oleaceae family. The genus <em>Olea </em>is containing 2 subgenera <em>Tetrapilus </em>and <em>Olea</em>. The Mediterranean diet that includes up to 40% of calories as fat, led to a decrease in chronic diseases because of the high oleic acid intake. Olive oil is the oily juice, which is obtained from the olive fruit. It has a characteristic sensory profile and nutrition value. There is a good balance of fatty acids, between saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated acids in olive oil. This oil is unique among edible and vegetable oils and it can be consumed in the crude form, therefore, its tocopherols and phenolic content is conserved. Olive oil has very valuable minor components, such as phenolic compounds, sterols, vitamin and antioxidants. This study aim to review, some significant pharmaceutical effects and health benefits.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_87639_cbf7dcf7c74e16be4b6e5302e0c315ef.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X6120190315Comparative Antimicrobial Activities of a Consortium of Vernonia amygdalina and Amaranthus hybridus Extracts With Their CuO Nanoparticle Complexes31348742710.29252/IJMR-060107ENMercy Oluwaseyi BamigboyeDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria0000-0003-1427-9076Risikat Nike AhmedDepartment of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State, NigeriaJournal Article20180911<strong>Introduction: </strong>The synthesis of nanoparticles from plant extracts has gained much attention in recent times. This study aimed at screening a consortium of crude extracts of <em>Vernonia amygdalina </em>and <em>Amaranthus hybridus </em>for antimicrobial activities.<br /> <strong>Methods: </strong>The activities were compared with nanoparticles synthesized using the extracts. Powdered plant materials were separately suspended in distilled water and ethanol which were filtered to obtain crude extracts, while plant nanoparticles were synthesized by coupling with copper oxide (CuO). Crude extracts were screened for the presence of bioactive constituents. Antibacterial assay was carried out by agar well diffusion, while the poisoned plate technique was used to determine antifungal activity.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Plant extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. The aqueous crude extract produced higher activity than the ethanolic extract with the highest inhibition zone (29) against <em>Bacillus megaterium </em>at a concentration of 40 mg/mL. Antifungal activity also showed that the aqueous extract was better than the ethanolic one. The aqueous nanoparticle extract was higher in antimicrobial activities compared to its crude counterpart, exhibiting inhibition zones of 34 mm at 40 mg/mL and 31 mm at 60 mg/mL for antibacterial and antifungal assays, respectively.<br /> <strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study indicate that aqueous extracts demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity than ethanolic ones, and the synthesis of nanoparticles using a consortium of 2 plants has the potential to enhance antimicrobial activity.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_87427_1d45ec4720fe750c3b929d19700e03e8.pdf