Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12120250301Secondary Injury Rates in Patients Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis84284821980910.30491/IJMR.2025.498886.1304ENKennyGozalOrthopaedics and Traumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, IndonesiaKomang SeptianSadiwidayatOrthopaedics and Traumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, IndonesiaJournal Article20250109Introduction: One of the knee's most often injured ligaments is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is currently the gold standard of care for elite athletes, with the aim of regaining function and returning to preinjury levels of activity. Although ACLR usually produces good outcomes, second ACL reinjuries are often found, especially in athletes. The aim of the study is to describe the rate of secondary injury in patients following ACLR .<br />Methods: A comprehensive search for pertinent scientific papers was carried out for this study utilizing a mix of keywords like "reinjury," "secondary injury", "ACLR", and "rate" across several medical databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, and Wiley Online. There were 200 studies found throughout the search from 2019 to 2024. After conducting separate screenings of the abstracts and reference lists and reaching a consensus on any differences, the reviewers included 11 papers.<br />Results: The electronic search yielded 189 records across multiple databases, with 11 additional records from a registry. After removing duplicates and screening for eligibility, 11 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, while other studies were excluded for language, differing criteria, or insufficient parameters. This meta-analysis involved 2,620 patients who were athletes from the USA and Europe, aged 15–26, who experienced a first-time ACL injury and underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR). The stratified analysis revealed a secondary ACL injury rate of 19% (95% CI: 13%-25%). This study showed low heterogeneity (I = 95%, P<0.10). The study found that the secondary ACL injury rate after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) ranged from 13% to 25%, with variation across studies due to differences in patient demographics and reporting methods. Age was a critical factor, with younger patients, especially men under 18, showing higher rates of graft rupture. Contralateral injuries are believed to be influenced by factors like knee alignment and residual deficits, and females may be particularly vulnerable due to rehabilitation-related compensatory mechanisms.<br />Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study (within the last 5 years) to review the current available literature focusing on secondary injury rates after ACLR. Findings suggest that secondary reinjury rates after ACLR are comparable to previously reported rates. The study highlights that modification in activity, enhanced rehabilitation and return-to-play (RTP) guidelines, and neuromuscular training may help athletes safely return to sports and lower the risk of reinjury.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_219809_bb51859fefa514ac41990e86acc1e1ab.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12120250301Which is the Better of Clinical and Radiological Outcomes Between Laminoplasty versus Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion for Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Meta-Analysis84985721981110.30491/IJMR.2025.498464.1301ENFebyanFebyanDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia0000-0001-9055-0361Gusti Lanang Ngurah Agung ArthaWigunaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, IndonesiaI KetutSuyasaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, IndonesiaJournal Article20250107Introduction: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) represents a significant health challenge predominantly affecting older adults, often resulting in severe neurological impairment and disability. Despite the availability of numerous studies and surgical techniques, there is no clear consensus on the optimal surgical approach for managing multilevel CSM. Anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) and posterior laminoplasty are two widely employed surgical procedures. Both techniques have unique benefits and limitations, particularly concerning clinical outcomes, preservation of cervical function, and complication profiles. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of ACDF versus posterior laminoplasty .<br />Methods: A systematic search was conducted across major databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, using a combination of relevant MeSH terms such as "cervical," "spondylosis," "myelopathy," "laminoplasty," and "ACDF". The search concluded in April 2024. Abstracts and reference lists of identified articles were independently screened by two reviewers (LAW, FBN) with disagreements resolved by a third author (IKS). The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines and included studies that compared ACDF and laminoplasty in patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Eligible studies reported outcomes including Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, intraoperative blood loss, range of motion (ROM), and complication rates. Data extraction and statistical analysis were conducted using Review Manager 5.3, applying random effects models based on heterogeneity levels.<br />Results: Out of 774 identified studies, 7 met the inclusion criteria, involving 288 patients treated with ACDF and 307 with laminoplasty. The meta-analysis found no significant difference in JOA score improvements between the groups (P = 0.62). ACDF was associated with lower intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.04) and better postoperative cervical lordosis (P<0.0001). Laminoplasty, however, preserved postoperative range of motion better (P<0.00001) and had a lower complication rate (12.95% vs. 25.9%, P = 0.0005). These findings suggest both procedures are effective, with each offering distinct advantages based on patient-specific priorities .<br />Conclusion: ACDF remains a viable surgical option for managing multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, particularly for patients requiring reduced intraoperative blood loss and improved cervical alignment. However, laminoplasty offers advantages in preserving postoperative ROM and has a lower overall complication rate. The choice of surgical technique should be tailored to the individual patient based on clinical presentation, surgeon expertise, and patient-specific anatomical factors. Further research is recommended to validate these findings and explore long-term outcomes.<br /><br />https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_219811_16ea7c70e8fdde43ca5814ed8dcb437d.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12120250301Comparison of Functional Outcome of Lateral versus Posterior Approach for the Treatment of Supracondylar Humeral Fracture in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis85886321981210.30491/IJMR.2025.507668.1313ENI Made SuryaBudikusumaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia0009-0005-8092-0492Journal Article20250219Introduction: Supracondylar humeral fracture (SHF) is a common elbow injury in children, comprising 55-75% of distal humerus fractures. Most cases require surgical treatment, particularly in displaced fractures (Gartland type 3 or 4). While closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) is the preferred approach, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is required in certain cases, necessitating a choice between surgical techniques. However, there is no consensus on the optimal approach, particularly between the posterior and lateral methods .<br />Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines to compare the functional outcomes of lateral versus posterior surgical approaches for SHF in children. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library identified eligible studies from January 2015 to June 2022. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials and comparative studies evaluating functional outcomes. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4, applying fixed or random effects models based on study heterogeneity.<br />Results: Four studies met the inclusion criteria. The lateral approach demonstrated superior functional outcomes compared to the posterior approach, showing higher odds of excellent (OR 2.63, 95% CI [1.28-5.39]) and good (OR 1.12, 95% CI [0.51-2.17]) results. The posterior approach had shorter operative times but resulted in greater soft tissue damage and potential triceps weakness .<br />Conclusion: Both lateral and posterior approaches yield satisfactory functional outcomes for SHF treatment in children. While the lateral approach offers better postoperative function and lower complication rates, the posterior approach provides a broader surgical field. Surgeon preference, expertise, and patient-specific considerations should guide the selection of the surgical approach. Further high-quality randomized trials are needed for definitive recommendations.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_219812_93c70872cc8e93b4ad218b4e37809c8e.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12120250301Bankart Lesion Cases with Bone or Soft Tissue Procedure as Various Method Available: A Systematic Review86487121981310.30491/IJMR.2025.500611.1305ENI Gusti Ngurah WienAryanaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Bali, IndonesiaFebyanFebyanDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia0000-0001-9055-0361Made Ngurah AnggaPrabawaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Bali, IndonesiaJournal Article20250118Introduction: Bankart lesions, often seen in individuals with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocations, involve a tear in the anteroinferior glenoid labrum, particularly in athletes. Treatment varies, with soft tissue repairs like arthroscopic Bankart repair offering minimally invasive options, while bony Bankart lesions may require more complex surgeries such as the Latarjet procedure. The choice of surgery depends on the extent of the injury, patient activity, and risk of recurrence, though debate continues regarding long-term outcomes for cases with significant bone loss. This review seeks to provide clarity on the effectiveness of different surgical interventions .<br />Methods: This review searched databases like PubMed and Google Scholar using specific keywords to identify studies on Bankart lesion treatments from 2019 to 2024. Papers meeting inclusion criteria, such as randomized trials and reviews on adult interventions, were screened and selected using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, while excluding animal studies and those involving children or the elderly.<br />Results: Initially, 1,942 papers on Bankart lesions were identified, with 354 duplicates removed. After exclusions, only 6 papers met the study's criteria and were included in the systematic review. These studies, comprising systematic reviews, case studies, and retrospective cohorts, analyzed various Bankart lesion repair techniques, with recurrent instability being the most common complication across all procedures .<br />Conclusion: Surgical methods for Bankart lesions vary, and the choice should be tailored to each patient's condition, emphasizing the need for consensus on optimal interventions.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_219813_7cb462fefb851e5bad30303ea110526e.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12120250301Enhancement of the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil by amygdalin in HT29 colorectal cancer cells via increased expression of the p53 protein87287721981510.30491/ijmr.2025.504066.1307ENBahmanMoradi PoodehDepartment of Laboratory Sciences, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran0000-0002-0430-666XBahareVahidianfarDepartment of Laboratory Sciences, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran0009-0006-5909-0348Journal Article20250202Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and causes many deaths in the world every year. The first-line treatment for this type of cancer is the drug 5-fluorouracil. The most important weaknesses of this drug are numerous side effects and resistance to this drug. Amygdalin, abundantly found in the seeds of fruits such as apples, apricots, and bitter almonds, is a cyanide compound traditionally consumed by people suffering from cancer. Antitumor effects of amygdalin have been reported in different types of cancer cells. The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of amygdalin in combination with 5-fluorouracil on cell death and the expression of P53 protein in the colorectal cancer cell line HT29 .<br />Methods: The cell viability of HT29 cells after treatment with different concentrations of amygdalin and 5-fluorouracil individually and in combination was evaluated by the MTT test. The expression level of P53 protein was measured by the Western blot method.<br />Results: HT29 cell viability was inhibited by amygdalin and 5-fluorouracil in a dose-dependent manner. The concurrent use of the combination of amygdalin and 5-fluorouracil showed that amygdalin enhances the lethal effects of 5-fluorouracil. Furthermore Also, amygdalin at a concentration of 10 mg/ml intensified the effects of a 100 μM concentration of 5-fluorouracil on the expression level of P53 protein .<br />Conclusion: The concurrent use of amygdalin-5-fluorouracil may be a valuable candidate for colorectal cancer patients. However, more studies are needed to confirm these results.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_219815_4dc5b4a5b1a52f728ee370f36759eea3.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12120250301The Role of Arthrodesis and Bone Grafting on Management of Malunion Talus after Avascular Necrosis in a Neglected Talus Fracture Patient: A Case Report87888521981710.30491/IJMR.2025.507694.1314ENMade SuryaBudikusumaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia0009-0005-8092-0492Made AgusMaharjanaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, IndonesiaPutuAstawaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Prof Ngoerah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, IndonesiaJournal Article20250221Introduction: Neglected talus fractures, complicated by avascular necrosis and subsequent malunion, present a challenging clinical scenario. The talus is a critical component of the ankle joint, and its compromised structural integrity can significantly impact a patient's functional outcomes. This case report explores the management of avascular necrosis-induced malunion of the talus, focusing on the application of arthrodesis and bone grafting as a reconstructive solution .<br />Case Presentation: We present a case of a neglected left talus fracture in a 20-year-old female patient with a history of delayed presentation and subsequent avascular necrosis, leading to malunion and progressive debilitating ankle pain since 4 months ago. Comprehensive clinical and radiological assessments confirmed the extent of the malunion and the necessity for intervention. Surgical treatment involved arthrodesis to restore joint stability and alignment, along with bone grafting to address the bone defect resulting from avascular necrosis. Post-operative follow-up showed significant improvements in pain relief and functional outcomes.<br />Conclusion: This case report highlights the effective use of arthrodesis and bone grafting in managing malunion of the talus following avascular necrosis in a neglected fracture. While challenging, a tailored surgical approach can provide patients with significant pain relief and improved functional outcomes, thus underscoring the importance of early recognition and appropriate intervention in cases of talus fractures. Further studies and long-term follow-up are necessary to evaluate the durability and success rates of such interventions.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_219817_cc9c35614a3e308d93b5d4e79c965bbc.pdf