Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12320250901Arthroscopy Versus Open Rotator Cuff Repair in Young-age Patients (93394122923810.30491/IJMR.2025.500657.1306ENFebyanFebyanDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Prof Ngoerah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia0000-0001-9055-0361KennyGozalDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Prof Ngoerah Hospital, Bali, IndonesiaGusti Ngurah WienAryanaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Prof Ngoerah Hospital, Bali, IndonesiaPutu Agung WirahadiSanjayaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bali Mandara General Hospital, Bali, IndonesiaJournal Article20250118Rotator cuff tear is a common problem that can seriously impair shoulder function and cause discomfort. Surgical repair may be required, nevertheless, if conservative therapies are unsuccessful. Open surgery and arthroscopic procedures have grown in popularity recently because of their favorable pain alleviation, little scarring, and improved functional outcomes. Until now there have not been many studies comparing these two interventions for populations under 60 years. The aim of the study is to compare the clinical and functional outcomes between arthroscopy and open surgery for rotator cuff repair according to recent publications. A comprehensive search for pertinent scientific papers was carried out for this study utilizing a mix of keywords like "arthroscopic surgery," "open surgery," and "rotator cuff repair" across several medical databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, and Wiley Online. There were 1723 studies found throughout the search from 2013 to 2024. After conducting separate screenings of the abstracts and reference lists and reaching a consensus on any differences, the reviewers included eight papers. By contrasting the clinical and functional gains made possible by each treatment option, the review attempted to provide an answer to the study issue. Eight trials totaling 716 individuals, 379 of whom underwent arthroscopic and 337 of whom underwent open rotator cuff surgeries. Comparably significant clinical and functional results, such as VAS score, Constant score, and range of motion (shoulder flexion and rotation), are present. Arthroscopic and open surgeries serve as equally balanced excellent options for rotator cuff repairs, providing pain relief, restoration of ROM, and improved functional outcomes.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_229238_0dddfea2c87c4b6f880d0e126db1bf6c.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12320250901Patient Comfort Assessment Tools: A Systematic Review94295322923910.30491/IJMR.2025.514289.1322ENNazaniNazariDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMarziehPazokianSchool of Nursing-Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranBaharehMahmoudiDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20250328Introduction: Patient comfort measurement tools are recognized as a key tool in assessing the quality of healthcare services. These tools help us identify patients' needs and expectations and ultimately have a direct impact on patient experience, collaboration in treatment, and improvement of health status and quality of care. This study aims to systematically review various patient comfort measurement tools, their validity and reliability across different studies, challenges in using these tools, and solutions for improvement .<br />Methods: In this systematic review, articles published between 2015 and 2025 in databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and SID were reviewed. The keywords used included "patient comfort measurement tools," "patient comfort," "reliability and validity," and other related terms. Articles in English and Persian that reviewed patient comfort measurement tools were selected. Review articles, posters, letters to the editor, and qualitative studies were the exclusion criteria.<br />Results: The results of the review of 21 studies showed that patient comfort measurement tools include questionnaires, scales, and mixed methods designed to measure different aspects of the patient experience. The main challenges in using these tools included non-compliance with specific patient needs, problems related to the validity and reliability of the tools, lack of training for staff, and lack of active patient participation in the assessment process. Also, improvement strategies were suggested, including designing localized tools, continuous staff training, increasing patient awareness, and using modern technologies for data collection .<br />Conclusion: Each tool has characteristics that distinguish it from other tools. Choosing the right tool depends on various factors. Furthermore, the effective use of patient comfort measurement tools requires attention to existing challenges and implementation of appropriate solutions. Improving the quality of these tools and integrating them into clinical processes can lead to increased patient satisfaction and improved quality of health services. Active patient participation and ongoing staff training are also key factors in the success of these tools.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_229239_e07bc3ed016de99a56012079285c7766.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12320250901Innovative Treatments and New Strategies in the Control of HIV95495822924010.30491/ijmr.2025.517940.1326ENKmranVosooDepartment of Science, Faculty of Biology, Payame Noor University, Qeshm, Iran0000-0001-9285-4086YousefYousefiDepartment of Science, Faculty of Biology, Payame Noor University, Qeshm, IranAtenaBaganDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, IranLatifehOunaghDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IranMohammad JafariKhayaviDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University, IranDavoodBordbarDepartment of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20250424HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) continues to be a major global health challenge, affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite significant advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), which have dramatically improved life expectancy and quality of life for those infected, the search for a definitive cure and effective preventive strategies remains crucial. This narrative review aims to explore the latest innovations in HIV treatment and control. It highlights cutting-edge genetic engineering techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9 and various gene therapy approaches that show potential in eradicating latent viral reservoirs, a key obstacle in curing HIV. Additionally, the development of new vaccines targeting multiple stages of the HIV life cycle is discussed, focusing on their ability to stimulate robust and long-lasting immune responses. The review also examines recent advances in drug formulations, including long-acting antiretroviral drugs and immune-enhancing therapies, designed to improve treatment adherence and patient outcomes. Furthermore, challenges like emerging viral resistance, social and economic factors affecting adherence, and the urgent need for international collaboration in research are analyzed. Ultimately, the future of HIV management lies in integrating these scientific advancements with comprehensive public health initiatives to improve clinical outcomes and reduce transmission globally. This review underscores the importance of ongoing research and highlights promising avenues toward sustained control and eventual eradication of HIV infection.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_229240_8b4a31f6fb5de494cc2e6eec525b47d9.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12320250901Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Biopolymer-Based Composite Hydrogels for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity and Tissue Regeneration95996722924110.30491/IJMR.2025.523654.1333ENAtiyehKoloueiDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, IranMohammadBaratiDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, IranJournal Article20250514Hydrogels have drawn considerable interest as adaptable materials in tissue cultivation, wound management, pharmaceutical dispensing, and other biomedical uses. These substances feature three-dimensional hydrophilic polymer matrices capable of uptaking and retaining significant quantities of water. The distinct attributes of hydrogels, encompassing biocompatibility, biodegradability, and modifiable mechanical and chemical features, render them appealing prospects for varied biological implementations. This overview investigates the deployment of hydrogels across multiple scenarios. Biopolymer-based hydrogels, including those derived from chitosan, cellulose, and alginate, are commonly employed for drug administration due to their biological compatibility and safety profile. Specifically, antimicrobial aerogels are used as specialized covers in the treatment of both superficial and persistent wounds. Moreover, hydrogel nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles exhibit significant antimicrobial action, positioning them as promising cutting-edge antimicrobial solutions. Addressing problems stemming from microbial infections, a pivotal challenge in bioengineering, self-mending hydrogels featuring regulated delivery abilities have arisen as groundbreaking options. These hydrogels are capable of undergoing local breakdown, releasing metal ions that display antimicrobial characteristics while simultaneously supporting the consistent provision of growth stimulants. Furthermore, silica-collagen type I nanocomposite hydrogels are regarded as potent medicinal applications for preventing infection in long-term injuries. These hydrogels can incorporate antibiotics such as gentamicin and rifampicin, facilitating their controlled discharge. Overall, hydrogels function as multipurpose substances across various biological domains, and through the advancement of fabrication methods and property modification, they can be harnessed to tackle key issues in areas such as microbial contagions, wound restoration, and tissue revival.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_229241_f84061c55442396c25959aadf04d789b.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X123202509012D- Speckle Tracking Echocardiography: A Review of the Literature96897822924210.30491/IJMR.2025.523826.1334ENAndrew SefenuDzebuCardiothoracic Centre, Ho Teaching Hospital, Ho, Ghana0000-0001-7933-8773SheilaAttuquayefioDepartment of Cardiology, University of Ghana Medical Centre, Accra, GhanaJournal Article202505152D speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is an advanced, non-invasive cardiac imaging technique that uses ultrasound to assess myocardial strain, which measures myocardial tissue deformation and detects cardiac dysfunction, even before symptoms appear. It is particularly useful in evaluating left ventricular function across longitudinal, radial, and circumferential planes, with global longitudinal strain (GLS) being the most commonly used. STE has numerous clinical applications, including the assessment of coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, valvular heart disease, and heart failure. For instance, in coronary artery disease, STE identifies ischemic regions and correlates well with cardiac MRI for infarct sizing. It is also valuable in cardio-oncology, detecting early cardiac dysfunction from treatments. Additionally, STE is beneficial in managing high-risk pregnancies, familial hypercholesterolemia, and kidney disease. Future advancements may involve standardizing methodologies and integrating 3D STE for enhanced insights, reinforcing STE’s importance in early detection and management of cardiac conditions.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_229242_bd867f8a53efe0da8d05d0d4b75e264d.pdfBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Medical Reviews2345-525X12320250901Scientometric Analysis of Global Scientific Publications in the Field of Spiritual Health: A Study of Trends, Scientific Collaborations, and Conceptual Evolution97998722924310.30491/IJMR.2025.519476.1327ENSeied YounesHosseiniFaculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-4451-3292MahnazMohseniDepartment of Knowledge and Information Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20250426Introduction: Spiritual health, as one of the fundamental dimensions of human health, has received significant attention from health researchers in recent years. This study maps spiritual health publications globally, identifies key trends and collaborations, and reveals their conceptual structure .<br />Methods: The present study is considered an applied type of research and was conducted using scientometric techniques and by employing Scopus. Data were retrieved on April 3, 2025, using a specific search strategy. After data preprocessing, analyses were performed using Bibliometrix software and the Biblioshiny graphical interface in the R environment. Moreover, some descriptive graphs were drawn using Microsoft Excel software.<br />Results: A total of 605 scientific documents related to spiritual health were identified, showing an increasing trend from 2000 onwards and a peak in 2024. Iran is at the top of scientific publications with 195 documents. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Iran is also the most active research institution in this field. Analysis of scientific collaborations between countries and institutions indicates the centrality of Iran and its strong links with Islamic countries. Synonym analysis of keywords indicates the close connection of spiritual health with concepts such as mental health, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and nursing .<br />Conclusion: The study highlights spiritual health as an expanding interdisciplinary field with religious, psychological, and social dimensions, crucial for holistic well-being. Enhancing global collaboration and practical applications are key to its advancement. Findings can guide future research priorities, promote cross-cultural collaborations, and support evidence-based policy-making in spiritual health.https://www.ijmedrev.com/article_229243_b5c73fb0c436033705c7ee575c2b0fa8.pdf