Biochemical and Haematological Changes in Wistar Rats after Administration of Nickel- and Copper-Drug Complexes of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

Bamigboye, Mercy; Quadri, Ayodeji Luqman; Ejidike, Ikechukwu Peter; Ahmed, Risikat Nike

doi:10.30491/ijmr.2020.222172.1080

Biochemical and Haematological Changes in Wistar Rats after Administration of Nickel- and Copper-Drug Complexes of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mercy Bamigboye ¹

Ayodeji Luqman Quadri ²

Ikechukwu Peter Ejidike ³

Risikat Nike Ahmed ⁴

¹ Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State Nigeria.

² Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.

³ Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Science Education, Anchor University Lagos, Nigeria.

⁴ Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara state Nigeria.

10.30491/ijmr.2020.222172.1080

Abstract

Metal ion complexes of synthetic drugs are gaining global attention because of their effectiveness in the management of various ailments. Copper
and Nickel drug complexes of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide were synthesized and investigated for their toxicological activities in Wistar rats using
biochemical and haematological parameters. Thirty (30) Wistar rats (150.20 ± 3.42 g) were used and divided into 6 groups (A-F) each containing
5 rats. Groups A and B rats orally received 5% DMSO and 20 mg/kg body weight of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide respectively, while those in
groups C and D received 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight of Ni (ISO)Cl2 respectively. Rats in groups E and F received same doses as in C and D but
corresponding to Cu (ISO)Cl2. Each group received 0.5 ml corresponding to the agents administered to them for 21 days. The toxicity in the
animals were monitored using standard methods. The ligand and its complexes dose-independently reduced (P < 0.05) serum activities of Alkaline
Phosphatase (ALP) as well as quantities of total cholesterol and Red Blood Cells (RBC) but did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect parameters such
as tissue ALP activities, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C), atherogenic index, haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean
corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). This study has scientifically established the safety of nickel and copper complexes of isonicotinic
acid hydrazide. However, caution must be taken in their consumption since they possess hypocholesterolemic properties.

Keywords

Hypocholesterolemic

Anaemic

Alkaline phosphatases

Safety

Creatinine

Toxicity