Introduction: Bankart lesions, often seen in individuals with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocations, involve a tear in the anteroinferior glenoid labrum, particularly in athletes. Treatment varies, with soft tissue repairs like arthroscopic Bankart repair offering minimally invasive options, while bony Bankart lesions may require more complex surgeries such as the Latarjet procedure. The choice of surgery depends on the extent of the injury, patient activity, and risk of recurrence, though debate continues regarding long-term outcomes for cases with significant bone loss. This review seeks to provide clarity on the effectiveness of different surgical interventions .
Methods: This review searched databases like PubMed and Google Scholar using specific keywords to identify studies on Bankart lesion treatments from 2019 to 2024. Papers meeting inclusion criteria, such as randomized trials and reviews on adult interventions, were screened and selected using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, while excluding animal studies and those involving children or the elderly.
Results: Initially, 1,942 papers on Bankart lesions were identified, with 354 duplicates removed. After exclusions, only 6 papers met the study's criteria and were included in the systematic review. These studies, comprising systematic reviews, case studies, and retrospective cohorts, analyzed various Bankart lesion repair techniques, with recurrent instability being the most common complication across all procedures .
Conclusion: Surgical methods for Bankart lesions vary, and the choice should be tailored to each patient's condition, emphasizing the need for consensus on optimal interventions.